Metro- Goldwyn- Mayer - Wikipedia. Metro- Goldwyn- Mayer Studios Inc. Mayer Pictures. It is one of the world's oldest film studios.

In 1. 97. 1, it was announced that MGM would merge with 2. Century Fox, a plan which never came into fruition. Kerkorian did, however, commit to increased production and an expanded film library when he bought United Artists in 1. In 1. 98. 6, Ted Turner bought MGM, but a few months later, sold the company back to Kerkorian to recoup massive debt, while keeping the library assets for himself.

The series of deals left MGM even more heavily in debt. After a bidding war which included Time Warner (the current parent of Turner Broadcasting) and General Electric, MGM was acquired on September 2. Sony Corporation of America, Comcast, Texas Pacific Group (now TPG Capital, L.

P.), Providence Equity Partners, and other investors. He had bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1. Loew's Theatres chain.

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With Loew's lackluster assortment of Metro films, Loew purchased Goldwyn Pictures in 1. However, these purchases created a need for someone to oversee his new Hollywood operations, since longtime assistant Nicholas Schenck was needed in New York headquarters to oversee the 1. Approached by Louis B. Mayer, Loew addressed the situation by buying Louis B. Mayer Pictures on April 1. Mayer became head of the renamed Metro- Goldwyn- Mayer, with Irving Thalberg as head of production. In 1. 92. 5, MGM released the extravagant and successful Ben- Hur, taking a $4.

In 1. 92. 9, William Fox of Fox Film Corporation bought the Loew family's holdings with Schenck's assent. Mayer and Thalberg disagreed with the decision.

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Mayer was active in the California Republican Party and used his political connections to persuade the Justice Department to delay final approval of the deal on antitrust grounds. During this time, in the summer of 1. Fox was badly hurt in an automobile accident. By the time he recovered, the stock market crash in the fall of 1. Fox out and ended any chance of the Loew's merger going through. Schenck and Mayer had never gotten along (Mayer reportedly referred to his boss as . Having inherited few big names from their predecessor companies, Mayer and Thalberg began at once to create and publicize a host of new stars, among them Greta Garbo, John Gilbert, William Haines, Joan Crawford, and Norma Shearer (who followed Thalberg from Universal).

Established names like Lon Chaney, William Powell, Buster Keaton, and Wallace Beery were hired from other studios. They also hired top directors such as King Vidor, Clarence Brown, Erich von Stroheim, Tod Browning, and Victor Seastrom. The arrival of talking pictures in 1. MGM through the 1. Clark Gable, Jean Harlow, Robert Montgomery, Spencer Tracy, Myrna Loy, Jeanette Mac.

Donald, and Nelson Eddy among them. MGM was one of the first studios to experiment with filming in Technicolor.

Using the two- color Technicolor process then available, MGM filmed portions of The Uninvited Guest (1. The Big Parade (1. Ben–Hur (1. 92. 5), among others, in the process. In 1. 92. 8, MGM released The Viking, the first complete Technicolor feature with sound (including a synchronized score and sound effects, but no spoken dialogue). With the arrival of talkies, MGM moved slowly and reluctantly into sound, releasing features like White Shadows in the South Seas with music and sound effects, and Alias Jimmy Valentine with limited dialogue sequences. Their first full- fledged talkie, the musical The Broadway Melody in 1.

Academy Award as Best Picture of the Year; and brought MGM into the sound era. MGM, however, was the very last studio to convert to . In 1. 93. 4, MGM included a sequence made in Technicolor's superior new three- color process, a musical number in the otherwise black- and- white The Cat and the Fiddle, starring Jeanette Mac. Donald and Ramon Novarro. The studio then produced a number of three- color short subjects including 1. La Fiesta de Santa Barbara, but waited until 1.

Sweethearts with Mac. Donald and Nelson Eddy, the earlier of the popular singing team's two films in color. From then on, MGM regularly produced several films a year in Technicolor with Northwest Passage being one of the most notable.

In addition to a large short- subjects program of its own, MGM also released the shorts and features produced by Hal Roach Studios, including comedy shorts starring Laurel and Hardy, Our Gang, and Charley Chase. MGM's distribution deal with Roach lasted from 1.

MGM benefited in particular from the success of the popular Laurel and Hardy films. In 1. 93. 8, MGM purchased the rights to Our Gang and moved the production in- house.

From 1. 92. 9 to 1. MGM produced a series of comedy shorts called All Barkie Dogville Comedies, in which trained dogs were dressed up to parody contemporary films and were voiced by actors. One of the shorts, The Dogway Melody (1. MGM's hit 1. 92. 9 musical The Broadway Melody. Metro- Goldwyn- Mayer entered the music industry by purchasing the . Loew's 1. 53 theatres were mostly located in New York, the Northeast, and Deep South; Gone with the Wind had its world premiere at Loew's Grand Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia. A fine reputation was gained for lavish productions that were sophisticated and polished to cater to an urban audience.

Still, as the Great Depression deepened, MGM began to economize by . This recycling practice never let up once started. In addition, MGM saved money because it was the only one of the big five studios that did not own an off- site movie ranch. Until the mid- 1. MGM could make a claim its rivals could not: it never lost money, although it did have an occasional disaster like Parnell (1. Clark Gable's biggest flop. It was the only Hollywood studio that continued to pay dividends during the 1.

MGM stars dominated the box office during the 1. Hollywood stable of stars system, as well. MGM contracted with the American Musical Academy of Arts Association to handle all of their press and artist development. The AMAAA's main function was to develop the budding stars and to make them appealing to the public. Stars such as Norma Shearer, Joan Crawford, Greta Garbo, Myrna Loy and Jeanette Mac.

Donald reigned as the top- paid figures at the studio. Another MGM sex symbol actress, Jean Harlow, who had previously appeared in the Howard Hughes film Hell's Angels, now had a big break and became one of MGM's most admired stars, as well. Despite Miss Harlow's gain, Garbo still was a big star for MGM. Shearer was still a money maker despite screen appearances becoming scarce, and Crawford continued her box- office power until 1. MGM would also receive a boost through the man who would become .

Gable's career took off to new heights after he won an Oscar for the 1. Columbia film It Happened One Night. Mayer and Irving Thalberg's relationship began warmly, but eventually the two became estranged; Thalberg preferred literary works to the crowd- pleasers Mayer wanted. Thalberg, always physically frail, was removed as head of production in 1. Mayer encouraged other staff producers, among them his son- in- law David O. Watch Man In The Red Bandana (2017) Movie Stream here. Selznick, but no one seemed to have the sure touch of Thalberg.

As Thalberg fell increasingly ill in 1. Louis Mayer could now serve as his temporary replacement. Rumors flew that Thalberg was leaving to set up his own independent company. The company remained profitable, although a change toward .

Also playing a huge role was Ida Koverman, Mayer's secretary and right hand. Although Gone With the Wind was produced by Selznick International Pictures, it was distributed by MGM as part of a deal for producer David O. Selznick, L. B. Mayer's son- in- law, to obtain the services of Clark Gable as well as financial assistance to complete the film.

Mayer released his five highest- paid actresses from their studio contracts; Joan Crawford, Norma Shearer, Greta Garbo, Myrna Loy and Jeanette Mac. Donald. After a two- year hiatus, Crawford moved to Warner Bros., where her career took a dramatic upturn.